论文标题
机器伦理：创建美德机器
Machine Ethics: The Creation of a Virtuous Machine
论文作者
论文摘要
人工智能（AI）最初是作为隐性的道德代理而开发的，可以解决所有选项都是可预测的简单且明确定义的任务。但是，现在它是我们日常生活为手机，摄像头，手表，恒温器，真空，汽车等提供动力的一部分。这引起了许多关注，一些学者和从业者强调了人工智能的危险，并反对其作为道德代理的发展，可以推理道德的推理（例如，Bryson 2008; Johnson and Miller 2008; Sharkey 2008; Sharkey 2017; Sharkey 2017; Tonkens 2009; van Wynsberghe and Robbins and Robbins and Robbins and 2019）。即使我们承认潜在的威胁，但与大多数其他学者相符（例如，Anderson和Anderson 2010； Moor 2006； Scheutz 2016; Scheutz 2016; Wallach 2010），但我们认为AI的进步无法停止，开发人员需要准备AI来维持复杂且在道德上稳定的环境中维持明显的道德代理，并面对符合伦理的困境。
Artificial intelligence (AI) was initially developed as an implicit moral agent to solve simple and clearly defined tasks where all options are predictable. However, it is now part of our daily life powering cell phones, cameras, watches, thermostats, vacuums, cars, and much more. This has raised numerous concerns and some scholars and practitioners stress the dangers of AI and argue against its development as moral agents that can reason about ethics (e.g., Bryson 2008; Johnson and Miller 2008; Sharkey 2017; Tonkens 2009; van Wynsberghe and Robbins 2019). Even though we acknowledge the potential threat, in line with most other scholars (e.g., Anderson and Anderson 2010; Moor 2006; Scheutz 2016; Wallach 2010), we argue that AI advancements cannot be stopped and developers need to prepare AI to sustain explicit moral agents and face ethical dilemmas in complex and morally salient environments.
