论文标题
城市规划在第一个不幸的西班牙殖民小镇：圣克里斯托瓦尔·德拉拉古纳历史教堂的方向
Urban Planning in the First Unfortified Spanish Colonial Town: The orientation of the historic churches of San Cristobal de La Laguna
论文作者
论文摘要
特内里费岛加那利岛（西班牙）的圣克里斯托瓦尔·德拉古纳市（San Cristobal de la Laguna）由于其计划的原始概念而具有非凡的价值。它是一个网格中的城市系统，由形成正方形的直街概述，其布局是一个不幸的殖民城市的第一个案例，该城市在海外欧洲扩张中有常规计划。它构成了所谓的“和平镇”的历史例子，这是一个在新土地上的城市重公开的原型，该土地采用了自己的自然界限来界定和捍卫自己。旧城区的历史中心成立于1496年，被联合国教科文组织在1999年被联合国教科文组织宣布为世界遗产。我们分析了当前存在于拉拉古纳（La Laguna）旧部分中的二十一间历史悠久的基督教教堂的确切空间取向，我们将其作为Urban Lattice原始布局的很好指示。我们发现一种明确的取向模式，如果与升起或落山的阳光相关，则单身略低于20度，在我们的研究错误范围内，这可能与7月25日的盛宴与圣克里斯托布尔·德·利维亚（San Cristobal de licia of San Cristobal de licia）有关，该城镇最初是专门致力的。我们还讨论了一些最近的一些建议，这些提议提出了一些牵强的假设，即旧城区的计划，并对其杰出特征之一（即其拉丁语结构）进行了一些评论，即在其一些最具象征性的教堂的结合中很明显。
The city of San Cristobal de La Laguna in the Canary Island of Tenerife (Spain) has an exceptional value due to the original conception of its plan. It is an urban system in a grid, outlined by straight streets that form squares, its layout being the first case of an unfortified colonial city with a regular plan in the overseas European expansion. It constitutes a historical example of the so-called "Town of Peace", the archetype of a city-republic in a new land that employed its own natural boundaries to delimit and defend itself. Founded in 1496, the historical centre of the old city was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1999. We analyse the exact spatial orientation of twenty-one historic Christian churches currently existing in the old part of La Laguna which we take as a good indicator of the original layout of the urban lattice. We find a clear orientation pattern that, if correlated with the rising or setting Sun, singles out an absolute-value astronomical declination slightly below 20 degrees, which, within the margin of error of our study, might be associated with the July 25th feast-day of San Cristobal de Licia, the saint to whom the town was originally dedicated. We also discuss at some length some recent proposals which invoke somewhat far-fetched hypotheses for the planimetry of the old city and finish up with some comments on one of its outstanding features, namely its Latin-cross structure, which is apparent in the combined layout of some of its most emblematic churches.
