论文标题
非线性模型的可变速度水力发电以提供快速频率储备的预测性控制
Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Variable Speed Hydropower for Provision of Fast Frequency Reserves
论文作者
论文摘要
本文介绍了用于控制可变速度水电（VSHP）植物的非线性模型预测控制器（MPC）。 MPC与对电力电子转换器的虚拟同步发电机（VSG）控制涡轮控制器协调，以优化工厂的性能。主要目的是利用涡轮和发电机的动能来对频率偏差产生快速响应。通过允许涡轮机旋转速度暂时偏离其最佳速度，从而实现这一目标。此外，应在将电力和液压变量保持在其约束之内，同时将效率最大化。仿真结果表明，所提出的MPC还能够在网格中衰减功率振荡，减少甲状管中的水锤，并改善涡轮头，涡轮机和涡轮机流的未来估计。这样可以确保涡轮头不超过其限制，并且在降低干扰后涡轮速度的过冲。此外，VSG转换器控件通过利用涡轮和发电机的旋转能来实现快速响应。因此，VSHP可以向网格提供大量的快速储备（FFR）。
This paper presents the development of a non-linear model predictive controller (MPC) for controlling variable speed hydropower (VSHP) plants. The MPC coordinates the turbine controller with the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control of the power electronics converter to optimize the plant's performance. The main objective is to deliver a fast power response to frequency deviations by utilizing the kinetic energy of the turbine and generator. This is made possible by allowing the turbine rotational speed to deviate temporarily from its optimal speed. In addition, the efficiency should be maximized while keeping the electric and hydraulic variables within their constraints. The simulation results show that the proposed MPC is also able to damp power oscillations in the grid, reduce water hammering in the penstock and improve the future estimation of turbine head, turbine power and turbine flow. This ensures that the turbine head does not exceed its limits and that the overshoot in the turbine speed after a disturbance is reduced. Besides, the VSG converter control enables a fast power response by utilizing the rotational energy of the turbine and generator. Thereby, the VSHP can provide a significant amount of fast frequency reserves (FFR) to the grid.
