论文标题
通过其多极结构区分模糊与黑洞
Distinguishing fuzzballs from black holes through their multipolar structure
论文作者
论文摘要
在一般相对性中，孤立的黑洞的独特固定溶液是Kerr时空，它仅取决于其质量和自旋，具有特殊的多极结构。我们开发了一种一般方法，以提取任意固定空间的多极矩，并将其应用于大型的无水平几何家族。后者可以打破KERR度量的轴向和赤道对称性，并具有更丰富的多极结构，该结构提供了一个门户，可在现象学上限制模糊模型。我们发现数值证据表明，所有多极矩通常比具有相同质量和自旋的Kerr黑洞的矩（绝对值为绝对值）。当前对黑洞候选者四极力矩的测量值只能对模糊球施加轻微的限制，而使用空间任务丽莎的极端质量比率灵感的未来重力波检测将通过数量级来改善这些界限。
Within General Relativity, the unique stationary solution of an isolated black hole is the Kerr spacetime, which has a peculiar multipolar structure depending only on its mass and spin. We develop a general method to extract the multipole moments of arbitrary stationary spacetimes and apply it to a large family of horizonless microstate geometries. The latter can break the axial and equatorial symmetry of the Kerr metric and have a much richer multipolar structure, which provides a portal to constrain fuzzball models phenomenologically. We find numerical evidence that all multipole moments are typically larger (in absolute value) than those of a Kerr black hole with the same mass and spin. Current measurements of the quadrupole moment of black-hole candidates could place only mild constraints on fuzzballs, while future gravitational-wave detections of extreme mass-ratio inspirals with the space mission LISA will improve these bounds by orders of magnitude.
