论文标题
在人机协作环境中拆卸的实时退缩式序列计划者
A Real-Time Receding Horizon Sequence Planner for Disassembly in A Human-Robot Collaboration Setting
论文作者
论文摘要
产品拆卸是一个劳动密集型过程,远非自动化。通常,由于组件瑕疵,整个组件使用损失或产品信息不足,拆卸不足以处理不同形状,模型和物理不确定性的产品品种。为了克服这些困难,并通过人机协作自动化拆卸程序,而无需过多的计算成本,本文提出了一个实时退缩的地平线序列计划者,该计划者在考虑实时人类运动时在机器人和人类操作员之间分配任务。序列计划者旨在解决拆卸线路中的几个问题,例如不同的方向,人类操作员的安全限制,人类运营的不确定性以及大量拆卸任务的计算成本。提出的拆卸序列计划者确定了要拆分的项目的位置和方向,以及人类操作员的位置,并获得了遵循人类操作的拆卸规则和安全约束的最佳拆卸序列。已经进行了实验测试来验证提出的计划者:机器人可以在最佳序列后定位和拆卸组件,并考虑明确的人类操作员的实时运动,并与人类操作员合作而不会违反安全限制。
Product disassembly is a labor-intensive process and is far from being automated. Typically, disassembly is not robust enough to handle product varieties from different shapes, models, and physical uncertainties due to component imperfections, damage throughout component usage, or insufficient product information. To overcome these difficulties and to automate the disassembly procedure through human-robot collaboration without excessive computational cost, this paper proposes a real-time receding horizon sequence planner that distributes tasks between robot and human operator while taking real-time human motion into consideration. The sequence planner aims to address several issues in the disassembly line, such as varying orientations, safety constraints of human operators, uncertainty of human operation, and the computational cost of large number of disassembly tasks. The proposed disassembly sequence planner identifies both the positions and orientations of the to-be-disassembled items, as well as the locations of human operator, and obtains an optimal disassembly sequence that follows disassembly rules and safety constraints for human operation. Experimental tests have been conducted to validate the proposed planner: the robot can locate and disassemble the components following the optimal sequence, and consider explicitly human operator's real-time motion, and collaborate with the human operator without violating safety constraints.