论文标题
在不同的实际环境下，无症状的个体对COVID-19的空中传播的风险评估
Risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 by asymptomatic individuals under different practical settings
论文作者
论文摘要
在实际情况下，缺乏对Covid-19的空降传播的定量风险评估导致我们的预防措施中的不确定性和不一致之处。结合原位测量和数值模拟，我们量化了正常呼吸行为的呼出颗粒及其在电梯，小教室和超市设置下的运输，以评估吸入潜在的含病毒颗粒的风险。我们的结果表明，通风设计对于降低粒子遇到的风险至关重要。不适当的设计可以显着限制颗粒去除的效率，创建局部热点，并具有更高风险的数量级，并增强粒子沉积，从而导致表面污染。此外，我们的测量结果揭示了存在正常呼吸中的大量晶体颗粒及其与呼吸深度的强相关性。
The lack of quantitative risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 under practical settings leads to large uncertainties and inconsistencies in our preventive measures. Combining in situ measurements and numerical simulations, we quantify the exhaled particles from normal respiratory behaviors and their transport under elevator, small classroom and supermarket settings to evaluate the risk of inhaling potentially virus-containing particles. Our results show that the design of ventilation is critical for reducing the risk of particle encounters. Inappropriate design can significantly limit the efficiency of particle removal, create local hot spots with orders of magnitude higher risks, and enhance particle deposition causing surface contamination. Additionally, our measurements reveal the presence of substantial fraction of crystalline particles from normal breathing and its strong correlation with breathing depth.
