论文标题
高分辨率成像的云闪电的初始阶段
The initial stage of cloud lightning imaged in high-resolution
论文作者
论文摘要
借助Lofar，我们能够以仪表尺度的精度和前所未有的细节来对闪电闪光的开发进行成像。我们讨论了最新的闪电映射方法背后的主要步骤。为了展示我们的技术的功能，我们显示和解释了两种云内闪光灯的前几毫秒的图像。在我们的所有闪光中，负领导者在电荷层以下的电荷层传播。在几个有趣的功能中，我们表明，在启动后大约2〜ms中，主要的初始领导者触发了大气中众多（超过十个）负面领导者的形成。从这些中，只有一个或两个在30 〜ms之后继续传播，以水平延伸超过公里，而另一个可能会传播回起始点。我们还表明，正常的负领导者可以在存在强电场的情况下过渡到状态之类的初始领导者。此外，我们还展示了在主要初始领导者期间发生的一些初始崩溃脉冲，甚至在两个从阶梯式领导者中发展出来的“次要”初始领导者。
With LOFAR we have been able to image the development of lightning flashes with meter-scale accuracy and unprecedented detail. We discuss the primary steps behind our most recent lightning mapping method. To demonstrate the capabilities of our technique we show and interpret images of the first few milliseconds of two intra-cloud flashes. In all our flashes the negative leaders propagate in the charge layer below the main negative charge. Among several interesting features we show that in about 2~ms after initiation the Primary Initial Leader triggers the formation of a multitude (more than ten) negative leaders in a rather confined area of the atmosphere. From these only one or two continue to propagate after about 30~ms to extend over kilometers horizontally while another may propagate back to the initiation point. We also show that normal negative leaders can transition into an initial-leader like state, potentially in the presence of strong electric fields. In addition, we show some initial breakdown pulses that occurred during the primary initial leader, and even during two "secondary" initial leaders that developed out of stepped leaders.
