论文标题
第一原理布朗粒子和微观粘性的运动的非平衡确定性方程式
A First-Principles Nonequilibrium Deterministic Equation of Motion of a Brownian Particle and Microscopic Viscous Drag
论文作者
论文摘要
我们提出了一种第一原理热力学方法，通过识别在其Kth microstate m_ {k}中作用于非quilibrium brownian粒子（bp）的确定性（无随机组件）微孔F_ {k，bp}来提供替代Langevin方程的替代方法。 （前缀微型是指微晶量并携带后缀k。）确定性的新方程式更容易使用基本的微积分来解决。 F_ {K，BP}遗忘了第二定律，并不总是反对运动，但在合奏平均时出现了粘性耗散。电优定理总是满足的。我们在平衡中重现了BP的众所周知的结果。我们解释了如何直接从平均在培养基上平均在BP和培养基之间直接从相互作用的相互势能获得的微毛，因此我们只需要考虑BP中的颗粒即可。我们的方法超出了Langevin的现象学和平衡方法，并统一了从介质到宏观尺度的非平衡粘性耗散，并为Langevin和Einstein的表述提供了对Brownian运动的新见解。
We present a first-principles thermodynamic approach to provide an alternative to the Langevin equation by identifying the deterministic (no stochastic component) microforce F_{k,BP} acting on a nonequilibrium Brownian particle (BP) in its kth microstate m_{k}. (The prefix micro refers to microstate quantities and carry a suffix k.) The deterministic new equation is easier to solve using basic calculus. Being oblivious to the second law, F_{k,BP} does not always oppose motion but viscous dissipation emerges upon ensemble averaging. The equipartition theorem is always satisfied. We reproduce well-known results of the BP in equilibrium. We explain how the microforce is obtained directly from the mutual potential energy of interaction beween the BP and the medium after we average it over the medium so we only have to consider the particles in the BP. Our approach goes beyond the phenomenological and equilibrium approach of Langevin and unifies nonequilibrium viscous dissipation from mesoscopic to macroscopic scales and provides new insight into Brownian motion beyond Langevin's and Einstein's formulation.
