论文标题
在玻色网凝结物中的涡流进料和交换
Vortex precession and exchange in a Bose-Einstein condensate
论文作者
论文摘要
使用约束优化的方法，将Bose-Einstein冷凝物中的涡旋建模为自发对称破坏时间依赖的总能量解决方案。在非旋转的轴向对称陷阱中，单个涡流的核心在陷阱中心周围进攻，同时，其波函数的相位以恒定速率移动。进进速度，相移的速度以及涡流芯与陷阱中心之间的距离不断取决于整个冷凝物所承载的保守角动量的值。在一对对称的相同涡旋的情况下，进液会在其相对坐标中参与新出现的量规场，其通量等于进动速度和移位速度之间的比率。
Vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate are modelled as spontaneously symmetry breaking minimum energy solutions of the time dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, using the method of constrained optimization. In a non-rotating axially symmetric trap, the core of a single vortex precesses around the trap center and, at the same time, the phase of its wave function shifts at a constant rate. The precession velocity, the speed of phase shift, and the distance between the vortex core and the trap center, depend continuously on the value of the conserved angular momentum that is carried by the entire condensate. In the case of a symmetric pair of identical vortices, the precession engages an emergent gauge field in their relative coordinate, with a flux that is equal to the ratio between the precession and shift velocities.
