论文标题
在超导量子处理器上的鲜明多体定位
Stark many-body localization on a superconducting quantum processor
论文作者
论文摘要
量子模拟器由于其大量的可调性和控制力,因此可以观察到封闭量子多体系统的细微方面,作为发生热化的状态或由于存在障碍而暂停的状态。后者被称为多体定位(MBL)现象,描述了通过保存局部信息和缓慢的纠缠生长动态识别的非共性行为。在这里,我们对这种现象学提供了一个精确的观察,即现场能量景观不是无序的,而是线性变化的,从而模仿了鲜明的MBL。为此,我们构建了一个由32个超导码头组成的量子设备,忠实地再现了不可融合自旋模型的弛豫动力学。我们的结果描述了超过经典计算机中精确模拟目前可实现的大小的实时演变,这表明了量子优势的发作,从而为解决量子计算的资源弥合了量子计算的道路。
Quantum emulators, owing to their large degree of tunability and control, allow the observation of fine aspects of closed quantum many-body systems, as either the regime where thermalization takes place or when it is halted by the presence of disorder. The latter, dubbed many-body localization (MBL) phenomenon, describes the non-ergodic behavior that is dynamically identified by the preservation of local information and slow entanglement growth. Here, we provide a precise observation of this same phenomenology in the case the onsite energy landscape is not disordered, but rather linearly varied, emulating the Stark MBL. To this end, we construct a quantum device composed of thirty-two superconducting qubits, faithfully reproducing the relaxation dynamics of a non-integrable spin model. Our results describe the real-time evolution at sizes that surpass what is currently attainable by exact simulations in classical computers, signaling the onset of quantum advantage, thus bridging the way for quantum computation as a resource for solving out-of-equilibrium many-body problems.