论文标题
超级质量黑洞在集群环境中的重力镜头效应
Gravitational lensing effects of supermassive black holes in cluster environments
论文作者
论文摘要
这项研究探讨了星系簇中超质量黑洞（SMBH）的重力镜头效应。尽管星系中中央SMBH的存在牢固确定，但高分辨率模拟的最新工作预测了额外的流浪SMBH人群的存在。尽管这些SMBH的质量在群集中的较大规模和单个星系尺度的暗物质成分上是较小的扰动，但它们可以影响统计透镜属性和单个镜头图像配置。在探测这些潜在的可观察的特征时，我们发现SMBHS印记在罕见的高阶强透镜图像构型中可检测到的可检测到的特征，尽管它们在放大倍率分布或集成的剪切轮廓中没有表现出任何具有统计学意义的可检测证据。研究特定的镜头图像几何形状，我们报告说，SMBH的巨大，几乎类似点的潜力会引起以下可检测效果：（i）图像分裂导致产生额外的图像； （ii）乘以成像系统中的位置和放大不对称； （iii）镜头反图像的明显消失。其中，群集切向临界曲线内部的图像分裂是最普遍的观察性特征。我们在两种观察到的巨型弧\，j003341.5+024217 $和$ rx \，J1347.5-1145 $中的巨型弧中证明了这些可能性，其中可以用SMBHS复制所看到的特定图像配置。具有高分辨率仪器的未来观察（例如Mavis-非常大的望远镜，超级超级大型望远镜和升级的NGVLA以及来自\ textit {euclid} \＆\＆\ textit的数据均可能允许rbibin smervity smervition smerbotity probity probity probity probity probins the Importion the Importion the Importion the Importion the Importion the Importion the Imptovity probins to rubin ls to rubin lsssst镜头签名。
This study explores the gravitational lensing effects of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galaxy clusters. While the presence of central SMBHs in galaxies is firmly established, recent work from high-resolution simulations predict the existence of an additional population of wandering SMBHs. Though the masses of these SMBHs are a minor perturbation on the larger scale and individual galaxy scale dark matter components in the cluster, they can impact statistical lensing properties and individual lensed image configurations. Probing for these potentially observable signatures, we find that SMBHs imprint detectable signatures in rare, higher-order strong lensing image configurations although they do not manifest any statistically significant detectable evidence in either the magnification distribution or the integrated shear profile. Investigating specific lensed image geometries, we report that a massive, near point-like, potential of an SMBH causes the following detectable effects: (i) image splitting leading to the generation of extra images; (ii) positional and magnification asymmetries in multiply imaged systems; and (iii) the apparent disappearance of a lensed counter-image. Of these, image splitting inside the cluster tangential critical curve, is the most prevalent notable observational signature. We demonstrate these possibilities in two cases of observed giant arcs in $SGAS\,J003341.5+024217$ and $RX\,J1347.5-1145$, wherein specific image configurations seen can be reproduced with SMBHs. Future observations with high-resolution instrumentation (e.g. MAVIS-Very Large Telescope, MICADO-Extremely Large Telescope, and the upgraded ngVLA, along with data from the \textit{Euclid} \& \textit{Nancy Grace Roman} Space Telescopes and the Rubin LSST Observatory are likely to allow us to probe these unique yet rare SMBHs lensing signatures.
