论文标题
$（G-2）_μ$异常是对Lepton风味保护的威胁吗？
Is the $(g-2)_μ$ anomaly a threat to Lepton Flavor Conservation?
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管只有涉及muons的新物理学（NP）可以解释$（g-2）_ $ $异常，但在标准模型（SM）有效田间理论（SMEFT）中，NP操作员通常期望更通用的风味结构。特别是，如果一个人想对几个超出SM效果的几个综合解释，例如Lepton风味普遍性（LFU）违规，如B异常所示，那么需要在风味空间中的NP操作员的紧密结合才能满足具有Lepton风味侵害（LFV）的可观察到的界限，例如$ $ $ g to e eeγ$。我们在SMEFT中以带电的lepton质量为基础的偶极子操作员的风味角度的$ 10^{-5} $得出了$ 10^{-5} $的紧密界限。我们发现，高规模的几位运营商的错位可能会通过SMEFT的重新归一化组进化（RGE）破坏低规模的对齐。特别是，它对某些4-弗马操作员施加了限制。我们探索了动态机制以及风味对称性，以解释这种风味对齐，并说明了在明确的NP模型中难以实现它的困难。如果确认$（G-2）_ $异常，则唯一的自然解释似乎在于单个Lepton数字保存。如果SM的这种意外对称性在SMEFT中也以高阶术语存在，那么我们得出的结论是，Quark和Lepton部门的行为与SM的行为完全不同。该程序基于Arxiv：2111.13724。
Although the $(g-2)_μ$ anomaly can be explained by New Physics (NP) involving only muons, a more general flavor structure is usually expected for NP operators in the Standard Model (SM) Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). In particular, if one wants to provide a combined explanation of several beyond the SM effects, like Lepton Flavor Universality (LFU) Violation, as indicated by the B anomalies, then a strong alignment of the NP operators in flavor space is required to satisfy the bounds from observables featuring Lepton Flavor Violation (LFV), like $μ\to e γ$. We derived the tight bound of $10^{-5}$ on the flavor angle in the dipole operator in the charged-lepton mass basis in the SMEFT. We found that misalignment in several operators at high-scale could spoil the alignment at low-scale, through the Renormalization Group Evolution (RGE) of the SMEFT. In particular, it imposes constraints on some 4-fermions operators. We explored dynamical mechanisms as well as flavor symmetries to explain this flavor alignment, and illustrated the difficulty to reach it in an explicit NP model. If the $(g-2)_μ$ anomaly is confirmed, the only natural explanation seems to lie in the individual lepton number conservation. If this accidental symmetry of the SM is also present in higher-order terms in the SMEFT, we are led to conclude that quark and lepton sectors behave quite differently beyond the SM. This proceeding is based on arXiv:2111.13724.
