论文标题
通过标量凝结物的电动不对称的早期宇宙
Electroweak Asymmetric Early Universe via a Scalar Condensate
论文作者
论文摘要
标准模型中的有限温度效应倾向于恢复早期宇宙中的电子对称性，但是与希格斯田耦合的新田地也可能会逆转这种趋势，从而导致所谓的electroweak对称性不恢复（EW SNR）场景。 EW SNR的先前作品通常认为逆转是由于希格斯（Higgs）具有负四分之一耦合的新领域的热波动所致，并且他们倾向于发现需要大量新领域。我们观察到，如果磁场与希格斯场耦合到稳定的冷凝物，则可以最小化EW SNR。我们表明，一个具有足够大的全球充电不对称的复杂标量场可以形成冷凝物作为热化结果，并使电动对称对称性分解至远高于电动级尺度的温度。除了提供最小的基准模型外，我们的工作还暗示了一类涉及标量冷凝物的模型，这些模型在早期宇宙中产生了electroweak对称性的不恢复。
Finite temperature effects in the Standard Model tend to restore the electroweak symmetry in the early universe, but new fields coupled to the higgs field may as well reverse this tendency, leading to the so-called electroweak symmetry non-restoration (EW SNR) scenario. Previous works on EW SNR often assume that the reversal is due to the thermal fluctuations of new fields with negative quartic couplings to the higgs, and they tend to find that a large number of new fields are required. We observe that EW SNR can be minimally realized if the field(s) coupled to the higgs field develop(s) a stable condensate. We show that one complex scalar field with a sufficiently large global-charge asymmetry can develop a condensate as an outcome of thermalization and keep the electroweak symmetry broken up to temperatures well above the electroweak scale. In addition to providing a minimal benchmark model, our work hints on a class of models involving scalar condensates that yield electroweak symmetry non-restoration in the early universe.
