论文标题
通过GHz频率纳米力学在硅中进行电通转导
Electro-optic transduction in silicon via GHz-frequency nanomechanics
论文作者
论文摘要
将电子与光纤网络接口是经典和量子信息长距离传递的关键。通过使用GHz频率的声学振动作为介体，通过光学机械和压电相互作用的组合，通过GHz频率声学振动作为介体来启用这种接口。然而，尽管进行了成功的示威，但由于与混合材料整合相关的挑战以及在量子状态下运行时，有效的压电 - 原理转导仍无法实现。在这里，我们展示了一种替代方法，其中我们在传统的硅仪平台中启动5-GHz声子。在我们的实验中，微波光子通过在电荷偏置的窄间隙电容器中实现的静电力驱动语音晶体振荡器。随后将机械振动通过声子波导转移到光力学腔中，在那里它们转变为泵激光场侧带的光学光子。在室温和大气压下运行，我们在3.3 MHz带宽中测量微波到光子光子的转换效率为$ 1.8 \ times 10^{ - 7} $，并显示出有效的相位调制，半波电压为$ $v_π= 750 $ mv。我们的结果标志着用结晶硅制成的集成设备的垫脚石朝量子转导的垫脚石，该设备有效地有效的高带宽操作，并与超导码头进行集成。此外，缺乏对压电性或其他内在非线性的需求使我们的方法适应了量子技术以外的潜在应用的广泛材料。
Interfacing electronics with optical fiber networks is key to the long-distance transfer of classical and quantum information. Piezo-optomechanical transducers enable such interfaces by using GHz-frequency acoustic vibrations as mediators for converting microwave photons to optical photons via the combination of optomechanical and piezoelectric interactions. However, despite successful demonstrations, efficient piezo-optomechanical transduction remains out of reach due to the challenges associated with hybrid material integration and increased loss from piezoelectric materials when operating in the quantum regime. Here, we demonstrate an alternative approach in which we actuate 5-GHz phonons in a conventional silicon-on-insulator platform. In our experiment, microwave photons resonantly drive a phononic crystal oscillator via the electrostatic force realized in a charge-biased narrow-gap capacitor. The mechanical vibrations are subsequently transferred via a phonon waveguide to an optomechanical cavity, where they transform into optical photons in the sideband of a pump laser field. Operating at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, we measure a microwave-to-optical photon conversion efficiency of $1.8 \times 10^{-7}$ in a 3.3 MHz bandwidth, and demonstrate efficient phase modulation with a half-wave voltage of $V_π= 750 $ mV. Our results mark a stepping stone towards quantum transduction with integrated devices made from crystalline silicon, which promise efficient high-bandwidth operation, and integration with superconducting qubits. Additionally, the lack of need for piezoelectricity or other intrinsic nonlinearities makes our approach adaptable to a wide range of materials for potential applications beyond quantum technologies.
