论文标题
无倾销的密码学
Uncloneable Cryptography
论文作者
论文摘要
无关定理断言，与经典信息不同，量子信息不能复制。这种看似不希望的现象是在量子密码学中利用的。无容易的密码学研究设置，其中不可能复制是一种理想的属性，并且实现了经典无法实现的安全形式。发现和分析的第一个示例是在现金的背景下。一方面，我们希望用户持有现金；另一方面，现金应该很难伪造。量子货币使用无关定理的变体，使伪造不可能。 在过去的十年中，该领域朝各个方向发展：构建了几种量子货币的口味，例如经典可验证，可局部可验证的，半Quantum，量子硬币和量子闪电。引入了新的不容易失去的原始词，例如不可拨款的签名，对古典软件的量子副本保护，伪随机状态以及几种无法丢弃的加密形式。这项工作是对这些主题的温和介绍。
The no-cloning theorem asserts that, unlike classical information, quantum information cannot be copied. This seemingly undesirable phenomenon is harnessed in quantum cryptography. Uncloneable cryptography studies settings in which the impossibility of copying is a desired property, and achieves forms of security that are classically unattainable. The first example discovered and analyzed was in the context of cash. On the one hand, we want users to hold the cash; on the other hand, the cash should be hard to counterfeit. Quantum money uses variants of the no-cloning theorem to make counterfeiting impossible. In the past decade, this field developed in various directions: several flavors of quantum money, such as classically verifiable, locally verifiable, semi-quantum, quantum coins, and quantum lightning were constructed. New uncloneable primitives were introduced, such as uncloneable signatures, quantum copy protection for classical software, pseudorandom states, and several uncloneable forms of encryption. This work is a gentle introduction to these topics.
