论文标题
热蒸气中光的自限液滴的静态和动态特性
Static and dynamic properties of self-bound droplets of light in hot vapours
论文作者
论文摘要
非线性介质中光的传播通过近似近似中的$ 2 $ d非线性schrödinger方程（NLSE）很好地描述，这相当于Gross-pitaesvskii方程（GPE），这是Bose-inder-Inter-Field的均值描述，用于Bose-Instein Condenses（Becss）的动力学。由于这种相似性，最近已经在诸如热原子蒸气等替代实验平台中分析了已经在BEC中进行了研究和实现的现象的许多理论和实验研究。在这项工作中，我们研究了这些介质中光液滴的形成，试图在BEC实验中通常使用的实验参数与观察热原子蒸气中类似现象所需的实验参数进行映射。我们获得了$χ^{（3）} $，$χ^{（3）}+χ^{（5）} $的能量功能，以及两级原子配置的饱和度方案，考虑到焦点（有吸引力）。我们采用高斯变异方法，并通过对每个制度的NLSE的数值模拟来检查其预测。最后，我们研究了$χ^{（3）}+χ^{（5）} $的系统的实时动力学和饱和的非线性，将我们的注意力集中在呼吸模式的行为上，以及对现实实验条件的液滴形成的分析。
The propagation of light in nonlinear media is well described by a $2$D nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) within the paraxial approximation, which is equivalent to the Gross-Pitaesvskii equation (GPE), the mean-field description for the dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Due to this similarity, many theoretical and experimental investigations of phenomena which have already been studied and realized in BECs have been recently analysed in alternative experimental platforms such as hot atomic vapours. In this work, we study the formation of droplets of light in these media, attempting to establish a mapping between the experimental parameters normally used in BEC experiments and those needed to observe the analogous phenomenon in hot atomic vapours. We obtain the energy functional for the susceptibility of the medium in the $χ^{(3)}$ , $χ^{(3)}+χ^{(5)}$ and saturating regimes for a two-level atomic configuration considering the focusing (attractive) regime. We apply a Gaussian variational approach and check its predictions through numerical simulations of the NLSE for each regime. Finally, we study the real-time dynamics of the system for both the $χ^{(3)}+χ^{(5)}$ and saturating nonlinearities, focusing our attention on the behaviour of the breathing mode and on the analysis of droplet formation for realistic experimental conditions.
